Abstract:China's remarkable economic growth and development have resulted in increased urbanization, increased motorization and in increasing demands for transport infrastructure. Many Chinese cities thus find it difficult to contend with continuing rapid traffic growth. Especially larger cities find it increasingly difficult to deal with increasing road congestion, travel inconvenience, increasing energy demands, and increasing pollution from motorized emissions. This document provides a qualitative discussion of the urban passenger transport sector in China. The document highlights the Chinese government's role in providing the institutional, administrative and regulatory framework in which urban transport operates; discusses the urban passenger transport sector in terms of infrastructure provision and modal shares; and highlights the consequences of increased motorization in terms of its impacts on traffic flow, increased energy consumption and the degradation of the environment. Finally, the document proposes that a package of measures should be chosen to address the identified concerns in each urban area in a comprehensive manner. The document lists and evaluates measures (a) to address travel demand, (b) to alleviate congestion, (c) to contain the growth in fossil fuel consumption, and (d) to reduce air pollution from motorized transportation. The document concludes that each metropolitan government should choose a relevant package from these measures considering the concerns and factors that pertain to each individual city in China.