Suggested Citation:
Iogansen, Xiatian, Yongsung Lee, Giovanni Circella, Jai Malik (2025)

Brief: Assessing the Shift to Remote and Hybrid Work in California throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic

Beginning in 2020, many in-person activities were replaced by virtual activities as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This affected fundamental elements of transportation systems such as trip frequency, commute distance, origins, and destinations. For example, remote work and study werewidely adopted among workers and students. Still, the ways that the pandemic affected individuals’ work arrangements across different phases of the pandemic and the extent to which full remote work and hybrid work induced by the pandemic might persist in the future are unclear. In addition, recent studies are not conclusive regarding the ways changes in work arrangements do/will impact travelpatterns and trip making.

This  policy  brief  is  drawn  from  a  peer-reviewed  journal paper: Iogansen, X., Malik, J., Lee, Y., & Circella, G. (2024). Change  in  Work  Arrangement  during  the  COVID-19 Pandemic: A Large Shift to Remote Work and Hybrid Work. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 25, 100969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2023.100969.