Publication Detail
Land Use and Transportation Alternatives
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UCD-ITS-RP-95-11 Journal Article Urban Land Use and Transportation Center |
Suggested Citation:
Johnston, Robert A. and Raju Ceerla (1995) Land Use and Transportation Alternatives. Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Davis, Journal Article UCD-ITS-RP-95-11
It is claimed that many metropolitan regions in the United States will not be able to meet the federal Clean Air Act requirements for emissions reductions unless they can substantially reduce travel (U.S. OTA 1988). Improved "smog" inspection procedures and cleaner engines will not be adequate to meet the new standards in many urban regions, given present technologies and the short timelines in the act.
Several types of modest travel demand management (TDM) measures are being deployed throughout the nation. Generally speaking, these measures will decrease vehicle-miles traveled (VMT) by only a few percentage points over the next ten years, a reduction that will not balance VMT growth in most regions (e.g., see Bay Area 1991; Bae 1993). There are, however, two types of TDMs, largely untried in the United States, that offer the possibility of greater reductions in trips and VMT: travel pricing measures and land use measures that support transit, walking, and bicycling.
Several types of modest travel demand management (TDM) measures are being deployed throughout the nation. Generally speaking, these measures will decrease vehicle-miles traveled (VMT) by only a few percentage points over the next ten years, a reduction that will not balance VMT growth in most regions (e.g., see Bay Area 1991; Bae 1993). There are, however, two types of TDMs, largely untried in the United States, that offer the possibility of greater reductions in trips and VMT: travel pricing measures and land use measures that support transit, walking, and bicycling.
Published in Transportation and Energy: Strategies for a Sustainable Transportation System, ed. Daniel Sperling and Susan Shaheen, American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, Washington DC and Berkeley CA